A new rapid test for the human papillomavirus (HPV), which can cause cervical cancer, has proven to be 90 percent accurate in a trial involving women in rural villages in eastern China.
The findings were published in The Lancet Oncology, and researchers said it could help pave the way for effective screening to prevent cervical cancer in rural and resource-poor settings.
The rapid test, careHPV, is a product of Qiagen NV and is designed to detect 14 high-risk types of HPV in about 2 1/2 hours. It can be operated by staff with minimal training and without running water.
"If women 30 years and older could be screened at least once in their lifetimes with such a test, and appropriate treatment administered at the same visit, public health programs would be affordable and deaths from cervical cancer would be reduced by a third," said one of the researchers, John Sellors, family medicine professor at Canada's McMaster University.
Cervical cancer causes 300,000 deaths a year, with 85 percent of these occurring in the developing world.
Screening using pap smears is routinely done in the United States and Europe, where it has led to a 50-percent reduction in mortality. But implementing such tests in developing countries is not as easy.
There are vaccines against HPV, but they are useless in women already exposed to the virus. For these older women, screening and early detection remain the best hope.
The trial involved 2,388 women in eastern China who were given instruments and instructions to collect specimens themselves. Midwives also collected swab samples from the women. These were run through careHPV tests.
Results were compared against digital colposcopies done by a gynecologist at the site. Colposcopy examines the cervix and surrounding tissues for precancerous lesions.
"The ability of the careHPV test to detect precancerous cells was found to be 90 percent 84.2 percent of the women without precancerous disease were identified as negative bythe test," the researcherssaid in a statement.
(Shanghai Daily September 23, 2008)
