Before the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China created and led various youth organizations: Working Children's Corps during the Northern Expedition period, Communist Children's Corps during the Land Revolutionary War period, Children's Corps during the Anti-Japanese War period, and Children's Corps during the Liberation War period.

The Youth and Children of China Movement created by the Communist Party of China was established on October 13, 1949. In June 1953, it was given the name "Young Pioneers of China."

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